The shoulder is a complex joint with a wide range of motion, allowing for various arm movements. It consists of the humerus (upper arm bone), scapula (shoulder blade), and clavicle (collarbone), forming a ball-and-socket joint.
Shoulder dislocations often result from trauma, such as falls, sports injuries, or accidents. The forceful impact on the shoulder can cause the humeral head to pop out of the glenoid socket, leading to a dislocation. Anterior dislocations, where the humerus moves forward, are more common.
Symptoms of a shoulder dislocation include intense pain, swelling, and an apparent deformity in the shoulder. Limited range of motion and a feeling of instability are also common. Diagnosis involves a physical examination, imaging studies like X-rays or MRI to confirm the dislocation and assess potential soft tissue damage.
Immediate medical attention is crucial for managing a shoulder dislocation. In some cases, the dislocated shoulder can be manually reduced (put back into place) by a healthcare professional. Pain management, immobilization with a sling, and physical therapy follow to restore strength and stability.
Rehabilitation after a shoulder dislocation focuses on strengthening the surrounding muscles, improving range of motion, and enhancing shoulder stability. Physical therapy exercises help prevent future dislocations and promote overall shoulder health.
Severe cases or recurrent dislocations may require surgical intervention. Procedures like Bankart repair or capsulorrhaphy aim to tighten or reconstruct the damaged ligaments and tissues, reducing the risk of future dislocations.
