The iliotibial band (ITB) is a thick band of connective tissue that runs along the outer side of the thigh, from the hip to the knee. It plays a crucial role in stabilizing the knee during movement.
Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS) is a common overuse injury caused by repetitive friction between the ITB and the outer part of the knee joint. This friction often occurs during activities involving repetitive bending and straightening of the knee, such as running or cycling.
ITBS typically presents with pain on the outer side of the knee, often exacerbated during activities like running or descending stairs. The pain may be sharp or burning and can progress to a persistent ache. Swelling may also be present.
Diagnosing ITBS involves a thorough physical examination, assessing pain levels, gait analysis, and palpation of the affected area. Imaging studies like X-rays or MRI scans are usually not necessary but may be used to rule out other potential causes of knee pain.
Initial treatment for ITBS includes rest, ice, and anti-inflammatory medications to alleviate pain and inflammation. Physical therapy focuses on stretching and strengthening exercises to address muscle imbalances and improve ITB flexibility.
Rehabilitation involves a gradual return to activity, guided by pain levels. Strengthening exercises, particularly for the hip abductors and external rotators, are crucial for preventing ITBS recurrence. Proper warm-up and cool-down routines, along with cross-training, can also help minimize the risk.
