Type 1 Diabetes: This type of diabetes occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body produces little to no insulin. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and requires lifelong insulin therapy.

Type 2 Diabetes: In type 2 diabetes, the body either resists the effects of insulin or doesn’t produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels. This is the most common type of diabetes and is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and poor diet. Type 2 diabetes can sometimes be managed with lifestyle changes, oral medications, and/or insulin injections.

Gestational Diabetes: This type of diabetes occurs during pregnancy when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the increased insulin needs. Gestational diabetes usually resolves after childbirth, but women who have had gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

Other less common types of diabetes include monogenic diabetes (caused by mutations in a single gene) and secondary diabetes (resulting from other medical conditions or medications).

The management of diabetes typically involves lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight, along with medications (such as insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents) as prescribed by a healthcare professional. Monitoring blood sugar levels regularly is also crucial for managing diabetes effectively and preventing complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, nerve damage, and eye problems.